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Genital herpes is a viral infection affecting the genitals and the area around the anus. It can be caused by both HSV-1 and HSV-2: the type of virus alone does not determine where symptoms appear. [1]
You can read about sores around the lips separately in our cold sore guide.
What symptoms can it cause?
A burning or tingling feeling, itching, painful blisters or sores, or pain when passing urine may occur. The infection can also be free of symptoms. Sores in the genital area can have other causes, so it is worth having them assessed. [1] [2]
How does it spread?
By direct skin and mucous-membrane contact, including during vaginal, anal or oral sex. A cold sore can also lead to genital infection during oral sex. The virus can be passed on even without a visible lesion. [1]
How is the assessment carried out?
The doctor examines the lesion and talks through the symptoms. A laboratory test can be done on a sample from a fresh blister or sore. The test result does not show when the infection was caught, or from whom. [2]
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS
- When should you come in?
- Preferably while the lesion is still fresh and visible: a suitable sample is then easier to take. [2]
- What should I bring to the consultation?
- Write down when the symptoms started, any similar problems you have had before, and the medicines you take.
- How will I receive my result?
- With your consent, we email your result as an encrypted, password-protected PDF. At the follow-up consultation, our specialist will explain it to you in detail. How results are sent
Treatment and recurrence
The virus stays in the body, but the symptoms can be treated. The doctor may suggest antiviral medicine if needed; if outbreaks are frequent, longer-term preventive treatment may also be considered. [1] [2]
What should you look out for day to day?
If you have tingling, blisters or sores, avoid sexual contact until you have fully healed. A condom reduces the risk, but it does not give full protection, because some skin is left uncovered. In pregnancy, contact your doctor as soon as possible if you have a new herpes symptom. [1] [2]
If you have an intimate symptom, book an appointment at our clinic; we will help you clarify the cause discreetly.
Sources: [1] WHO – herpes simplex virus · [2] NHS – genital herpes · [3] NHS – cold sores
This guide does not replace a consultation with a doctor.